Mexico Overview
tagged diversified foreign relations and Travel Mexico
Country name : United States of Mexico (The United States of Mexico, Los Estados Unidos Mexicanos)
Flag : was a rectangular shape, length and width ratio of 7:4. From left to right by the green, white, red equal to the three parallel vertical rectangular composition, painted white middle part of a Mexican national emblem. Green symbolizes independence and hope that the white religious symbol of peace and the red symbol of national unity.
Emblem : an eagle spreading its mouth, smoking a snake,
Snake-Body clinging to a claw, the other one from the claws planted in the middle of the lake on the rocks growth on the cactus. This Reuters has painted a Mexican ancestors Aztecs state history. Legend long time ago, the sun god to save four stray Mexican ancestors Aztecs, Dream to them, to see if smoking a snake eagle standing on a cactus, in the place to settle down. Living in northern Mexico’s Aztecs in Titan inspiration, find pictorial portrayed by the local settled down and established in Mexico City. Mexico is the cactus flower, a symbol of the Mexican nation and its indomitable spirit of struggle. Pictured in the bottom of the sales branches and Oak leaf, symbol of strength, loyalty and peace.
Bird : Eagle
Flower : cactus, Dahlia
Country rock : obsidian
Independence Day : September 16 (1810)
State leaders : President Vicente Fox, on December 1, 2000 inauguration, the term of six years.
Physical Geography : 1,964,375 sq km area is the third largest in Latin America, Central America’s largest nation. Located in the southern North America, Latin America northwestern tip. North of the United States, south Guatemala and Belize, the east by the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean, the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Gulf of California. 11,122 km long coastline. With 7,828 kilometers Pacific coast, the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean coast 3,294 km. There are three million sq km exclusive economic zone and continental shelf 358,000 square kilometers. Famous Tehuantepec Isthmus of North and Central America together into one. National and 5 / 6 about to plateau and mountain. Mexico central plateau, blocking things for both sides of mountains, south of the new Namadelei volcanic mountains and mountains, southeast of the level terrain of the Yucatan peninsula, a strip of coastal plain more. National volcanic peak Hollywood, elevation 5,700 meters. The main rivers are Rio Bravo, Balsas River and the Yaqui River. Lake scattered in the central highlands mountain basin, the largest of Chapala Lake, with an area of 1,109 square kilometers. Mexico climate complex and diverse. Southeastern Coastal Plain and is a tropical climate, the average temperature of 25-27.7 ° C; Mexico plateau mild climate year round, the mountain basin to 24 ° C, higher areas around 17 ° C; Northwest inland continental climate. In most parts of sub-year drought, the rain two quarters, the focus of the annual rainy season 75% of the precipitation. Average annual rainfall of less than 250 mm northwest, the Mainland of 750-1000 mm, the central Gulf coast with the Pacific coast of the southern part of 1000-2000 mm. Mexican territory because most of the plateau terrain and winter-cold, summer-heat, evergreen trees and the seasons, they enjoy the “plateau Pearl” good name.
Population : 97.48 million (February 2000), in Latin America after Brazil, in second place, and ranks eighth in the world. Indo-European mestizo which account for 90%, 10% Indians, whites, etc.. The official language is Spanish, 8% of the people speak an indigenous language. Residents from 92.6% Catholic, 3.3% from Protestant.
Capital : Mexico City (Mexico City, Ciudad de Mexico), the area of 1,525 square kilometers and a population of 20 million (including exurb), elevation 2,240 meters.
Administrative divisions : divided into 31 states and a Federal District (Mexico City), under the state Urban (towns) (2394), the village. The states are : Aguascalientes, Northern California, Baja California, Campeche, Coahuila, Colima, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Durango, Guanajuato China, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacán, MO CUT, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas.
History : Mexico is the American continent ancient Indian civilizations center. The world famous ancient Maya culture, and culture ADS Azteca Mexican Indian culture is created. Mexico, in different historical periods to win the “cactus country”, “Corn Homeland”, “silver kingdom,” “floating in the sea of oil” reputation. In 1519 the Spanish colonizers invaded Mexico, in 1521 and Mexico into a colony of Spain. In Mexico City in 1522 to establish a new area of Spain Governor. On September 16, 1810, Miguel Migeeryi-more humble Spanish priest in the city staged an uprising Flores began the war of independence (in January 1811 defeat, Hidalgo murder, to commemorate the uprising, after the scheduled September 16 for Mexico’s Independence Day). On August 24, 1821 declaration of independence. The following year in May Ituri Irbid establishment of a “Mexican empire.” December 2, 1823 announced the establishment of the Republic of Mexico. In October 1824 a federal republic. In 1846 the United States launched the war invaded Mexico. In February 1848 Mexico and the United States signed a peace accord in northern Mexico will be forced to 2.3 million square kilometers of land ceded to the United States. 1858 Love Larry president. In 1867 France, Britain, Spain, and other invaders were expelled from Mexico. 1876 Diaz seize power. The bourgeois democratic revolution in 1910 outbreak, the same year on November 20 launched an armed uprising in 1911 to overthrow the Diaz regime. 1914,1916, the United States sent military invasion of Mexico, the two countries broke off diplomatic relations once. Enacted in 1917 bourgeois democratic constitution, known as the country announced that the United Mexican States.
Politics : 1824 promulgated the first post-independence constitution. February 5, 1917 issued to strengthen the powers of the government and the “Constitution of the United States of Mexico.” The constitution in the same year on May 1 and to implement effective date. This period has been amended nearly 200 times. According to the Constitution, the National Federation of Republican presidential system, the legislative, executive and judicial branches; President from direct suffrage for a period of six years, the life no longer. The President is the head of state and heads of government holding the country’s highest executive power. Formed by the Senate of the Federal Parliament is the country’s legislative body, the terms are : ratification of the Treaty and the President of the Court, financial, diplomatic, military officials appointed; To amend the constitution; Approval of the visit of President; When necessary, such as the appointment of an interim president. Senate 128, from 31 states and the Federal District 4, for a period of six years. House of 500 members, including 300 seats elected by majority vote and 200 seats by proportional representation system, a three year term. The cabinet is the executive arm of government, led by the president directly.
Economy : more developed economy, the GDP in Latin American second. The country’s 1.97 million square kilometers of land, five sixths of the plateau and mountain. Rich in mineral resources, underground natural gas, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc and other minerals in 15 reserves the largest in the world, mainly oil, natural gas, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, arsenic, bismuth, mercury, cadmium, antimony, apatite, celestite, graphite , sulfur, fluorite, barite, fluorine stone. Which of silver production for many years the world’s first, known as the “Kingdom of silver,” said. Cadmium, bismuth, barite and quartz production for the world’s second largest, antimony ranks third, iodine, mercury rank fourth. Others proven oil reserves of 582.04 million barrels (2000) and No. 8. Natural gas reserves of 700 billion cubic meters, is Latin America’s largest oil producer and exporter, the world No. 13, the Mexican national economy plays an important role. Forests cover an area of 45 million hectares, accounting for a total area of the territory 1 / 4. About 1,000 water resources million kilowatts. Seafood mainly shrimp, tuna, sardines, abalone, shrimp and abalone which is a traditional export product. Mexican mining categories for the more complete, but the imbalance. Manufacturing accounted for an important position, the original downturn construction, textile and garment resumed, transport equipment, cement, chemical products, the electricity industry will continue to grow. Oil production remained fourth in the world, Mexico is the world’s main producer of honey, production reached 60 million kg, which ranks fourth in the world. Honey production for 90% of exports, foreign exchange earnings this year of about 70 million US dollars. The country is arable land 35.6 million hectares, 23 million hectares of arable land. The main crops are corn, wheat,
Sorghum, soybean, rice, cotton, coffee, cocoa, etc.. Mexico created the ancient Indian corn, the country enjoyed “the homeland of corn” in the world. “Green gold,” said another of sisal from Mexico is the world-leading products, its output in the world Mexican exports to the main crude oil, automobiles, auto parts, beans, vegetables, steel and chemicals, machinery products. Mexican tourism more developed, is the world’s ninth largest tourism, has now become the United States, Canada, the Americas after the third important tourist destination. Mexican tourism has become the main source of foreign exchange. BC built in the north of the Mexico City Pyramid of the Moon and Sun is the splendid ancient culture represented.
Press : About 300 newspapers and more than 100 national publications. An average of 14.4 per 100 inhabitants in the errands. Major newspapers, founded in 1929 with the “national”, is the official newspaper, with a circulation of 3.8 10,000 copies, founded in 1917 “to report”, “Evening supremacy”, “Mexico Sun,” “finance” and “voice”, “new Wen, “and the” universe “,” Izvestia “,” Daily News “, the youth and students of the more influential,” the Mexican Herald, “founded in 1953 to” permanent “magazine,” process “magazine,” impact “magazine. Mexican News Agency official news agency, belonging to the Ministry of the Interior. Mexico published annually 12,000 titles of books and magazines, the total circulation reached 250 million.
Arts and culture : ancient civilizations of the Americas in Mexico, the breeds Maya, Aztecs, ADS, Aoermeijia A major Chinese Hom and other ancient Indian culture. Maliyaai Sabateao music and dance fusion of Spanish and Indian music and dance features unique to become Mexico’s national art form. Mexico has 21 monuments declared by the United Nations as “human culture and natural heritage.”
Diplomacy : pursuing an independent foreign policy and in favor of safeguarding national sovereignty and independence, respect for national self-determination and diversified foreign relations, non-interference in internal affairs, peaceful settlement of disputes and other principles.
Relations with China : China and Mexico’s long history of friendly exchanges. According to “beam” records, as early as the fifth century AD, the Chinese Buddhists came Mexico and other Latin American countries. On February 14, 1972, Mexico established diplomatic relations with China. In 1997, President Jiang Zemin’s state visit to Mexico.
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